I've mentioned Gaius Petronius Arbiter a/k/a Titus Petronius Niger, author of The Satyricon, Suffect Counsel of Rome, courtier of Nero, on more than one occasion in this blog. He's mentioned by Tacitus and others, so there's credible evidence he existed. He appears as a character in the novel Quo Vadis, which formed the basis for a movie of the same name.
He was known as the "arbiter of elegance" in Nero's court and a voluptuary, but also was competent and vigorous in performing his public duties. He eventually fell afoul of the Emperor, like Seneca, and took his own life in a most remarkable way, slowly bleeding to death by opening his veins but stopping the flow of blood using tourniquets to prolong his life while enjoying conversation and banter with friends and writing a description of Nero's misdeeds which he sealed and had delivered to the Emperor after his death.
I qoute him in the title of this post. It's a perceptive statement by a fascinating man intimately familiar with the rich and powerful oligarchs of a great empire ruled by a meglomaniac.
The ancient Romans had a high regard for law. They generated a vast amount of written law through the centuries. Much of current European law derives from that of Rome. A knowledge of law was considered essential to a successful career, and many prominent citizens acted as advocates (such as Cicero).
The Roman respect for law wasn't limited to written laws. Romans also revered the mos maiorum, the unwritten code of the customs and traditions they considered peculiarly Roman, such as duty, respect and discipline, which governed the conduct of their ancestors.
When Petronius wondered whether the law had any power where money ruled (implying that it did not), he was therefore maintaining that money had profoundly corrupted and undermined Roman society; had in fact perverted it. The power of money had changed what it meant to be Roman.
It's become a cliche that the United States is failing and falling as the Roman Empire did and for similar reasons. Like all clichés, it's too simple, but there are similarities. The U.S. was founded in large part by lawyers. The Constitution is a legal document--essentially a set of laws. The rule of law was essential to its creation and forms the basis for its continuance.
It's rapidly devolving, however, because plutocrats have usurped the administration of the government and have no respect for the law to the extent that it serves to thwart their power and influence and the realization of their desires.
The Supreme Court has assured that the nation's government can be bought by sanctioning its purchase as a Constitutional right, and narrowing the definition of bribery, in effect holding that politicians may be paid in return for their services except in rare circumstances.
So we may well ask Petronius' question now, 2000 years after he posed it, and come to the same conclusion he did.




